Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv raw hauv kev lag luam kho vajtse tseem nce ntxiv.
Tom qab nthwv dej ntawm kev nce hauv lub quarter thib plaub ntawm xyoo 2007, cov khoom siv hauv chav dej tau nce ntxiv thaum lub Peb Hlis 2008. Txij li xyoo 2007, tus nqi tooj liab thoob ntiaj teb tau nce 66%;tus nqi pib ntawm tooj liab nyob rau hauv London Futures Exchange tau nce los ntawm thawj zaug US $ 1,800 / ton nyob rau hauv qhov kev hloov no mus rau US $ 7,300 / ton, ib qho kev nce ntxiv ntawm ntau tshaj 300%;cov hlau ua cov nickel yuav tsum tau ua rau cov hlau tsis muaj steel Cov nqi ntawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv hlau tau nce sharply;txij li lub Tsib Hlis 2008, cov tuam txhab ceramic tau nce nqi ib qho tom qab, nrog qhov nruab nrab nce ntawm 8.6% rau cov khoom siv ceramic.Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm hardware ua nyob rau hauv lub domestic kev ua lag luam.Ib feem tsis txaus;Baosteel thiab Australia's Rio Tinto, yog ib lub ntiaj teb cov khoom lag luam hlau loj hauv ntiaj teb, tau txais kev pom zoo ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov hlau ore hauv 2008. Rio Tinto's PB nplua ore, Yangdi nplua ore thiab PB pob ore yuav nyob rau hauv 2007, cov nqi. nce los ntawm 79.88%, 79.88% thiab 96.5% feem.Qhov txiaj ntsig no tau ua rau tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab tau thawb cov tuam txhab steel hauv tsev mus rau qhov nrawm thiab tseem ceeb… Cov nuj nqis no tuaj yeem hais tias ua rau poob siab.Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv raw hauv kev lag luam kho vajtse tau nce ntau lub sijhawm.Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias cov khoom siv kho vajtse khiav ntawm tus nqi siab
Nws yeej ib txwm muaj qhov zoo ntawm tus nqi qis ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab cov nqi zog rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej thiab khoom siv.Tau ntau xyoo, kuv lub teb chaws tau ua lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws steel tsim thiab lub ntiaj teb cov neeg coob tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws.Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, kev xa tawm tau tswj hwm qhov kev loj hlob tsis tu ncua, ua rau kuv lub teb chaws yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg xa khoom loj ntawm cov cuab yeej kho vajtse ua khoom lag luam hauv ntiaj teb.Txawm li cas los xij, ua raws li kev tswj hwm ntawm lub teb chaws macro txoj cai, tus nqi ntawm cov hlau, cov khoom siv tseem ceeb, tau nce siab heev txij li xyoo tas los, lub xeev tau txo qis cov nqi se rov qab, thiab vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov xwm txheej thoob ntiaj teb, cov txiaj ntsig tau muaj. Txaus siab rau qee lub sijhawm, thiab kev ua raws li Txoj Cai Lij Choj Ua Haujlwm Xyoo 2008 tau coj Kev nce qib ntawm kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tau maj mam deteriorated cov xwm txheej ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam hauv Shanghai, thiab cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam kho vajtse nrog kev ua haujlwm hnyav. tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb.Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam kho vajtse hauv tsev tsis yog qhov zoo, thiab nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias yog qhov hnyav heev.
Qhov thib ob, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam kho vajtse ua lag luam nyob rau hauv xya xyoo dhau los
Cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev muag khoom ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov khoom lag luam hlau tau nce xyoo los ntawm lub xyoo, nrog kev loj hlob ntawm ntau dua 14%, thiab kev lag luam nplai tau nthuav dav los ntawm lub sijhawm.Hauv xyoo 2006, kev lag luam muag cov nyiaj tau los txog 812.352 billion yuan, kev loj hlob ntawm 29.39%, ze li xya xyoo.Piv nrog rau 2000, kev lag luam loj tau nthuav tawm los ntawm 2.62 npaug.Nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev thiab kev lag luam, qhov kev thov rau ntau qhov khoom siv kho vajtse muaj zog, thiab kev lag luam nplai tau nthuav dav.Kev tsim khoom thiab kev muag khoom ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov khoom siv hlau kev lag luam tseem nyob siab dua cov qauv kev lag luam ntawm 96% rau xya xyoo dhau los.Qhov piv ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab kev muag khoom hauv kev ua lag luam yog tsim nyog.
3. Kev txheeb xyuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev lag luam kho vajtse sub-sectors hauv 2006
Cov khoom lag luam hlau feem ntau suav nrog 9 qhov loj me me.Nyob rau hauv 2006, tus naj npawb ntawm cov lag luam nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam hlau khoom mus txog 14,828.Ntawm lawv, tus naj npawb ntawm cov lag luam nyob rau hauv cov qauv hlau cov khoom lag luam tau mus txog 4,199, suav txog 28.31% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom lag luam hlau, raws li "National Economic Industry Classification" tus qauv.Nws yog thawj zaug hauv txhua qhov sub-sectors;ua raws li kev tsim kho thiab kev nyab xeeb hlau cov khoom tsim kev lag luam, suav txog 13.33% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom lag luam hlau, cov hlau tsis muaj steel thiab cov khoom siv hlau zoo sib xws txhua hnub thiab cov cuab yeej siv hlau tsim kev lag luam tsuas yog 32 qhov sib txawv., suav txog 12.44% thiab 12.22% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom lag luam hlau, feem.Tus naj npawb ntawm cov lag luam hauv cov khoom lag luam enamel yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws, 198, suav txog tsuas yog 1.34% ntawm tag nrho cov kev lag luam.Kev lag luam loj ntawm lub teb chaws cov khoom lag luam hlau tau mus txog 812.352 billion yuan, ntawm cov qauv kev sib deev hlau cov khoom lag luam suav txog 29% ntawm kev ua lag luam hauv xyoo 2006. me ntsis siab dua qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov lag luam, cov khoom lag luam enamel tsuas yog tso nyiaj rau 1.09% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom lag luam hlau.
Plaub, kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb kev sib tw hauv tebchaws yuav yog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kuv lub teb chaws kev lag luam kho vajtse hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej no.
1. Tuam Tshoj txoj hauj lwm raws li lub ntiaj teb kev kho vajtse ua thiab chaw tsim khoom yuav ua kom ruaj khov ntxiv
Tuam Tshoj tau dhau los ua thaj tsam kev lag luam muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.Tuam Tshoj cov kev ntsuas kev lag luam yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, nrog rau kev nrawm ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kev koom ua ke rau hauv lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam kev lag luam thiab kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam.Kev tsim kho kev lag luam yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg thiab cov nqi zog ua haujlwm tsawg, thiab nws muaj qhov zoo sib piv ntawm kev ua lub ntiaj teb kho vajtse ua thiab chaw tsim khoom.Kev lag luam kho vajtse thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm nws txoj kev txhim kho export-oriented.Siab tshaj qhov kev loj hlob ntawm kev muag khoom hauv kev lag luam hauv tsev;cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho, thiab kev txhim kho ntawm qhov nruab nrab txoj hauj lwm ua ntej txhais tau hais tias kev ntshuam ntawm cov khoom siv kho vajtse tau nce tag nrho nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no: qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb yog siab dua qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm.Tsis yog cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob nkaus xwb, cov cuab yeej siv tes, cov khoom siv kho vajtse xws li cov khoom lag luam tuaj txawv teb chaws muaj kev loj hlob zoo, tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj thiab cov khoom siv hauv chav dej, uas tau siv los suav rau ib nrab ntawm kev xa khoom, kuj tseem ceeb heev hauv xyoo 2004. . Lub lag luam loj thiab lub zog gravitational ntawm txoj hauj lwm nruab nrab yuav txuas ntxiv nyiam cov kev hloov ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov tuam txhab kho vajtse multinational mus rau Tuam Tshoj.
2. Kev koom tes ntawm kev lag luam yuav muaj zog ntxiv
Txhawm rau kom tau txais txoj haujlwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab txhim kho kev sib tw, lub ntiaj teb muaj kev sib tw.Cov peev txheej vaj tse yog lwm lub ntsiab lus uas khiav lag luam.Xyoo 2004, Supor thiab Vantage tau teev npe ua tiav.Hongbao tseem nquag ua haujlwm ntawm cov npe.Wanhe txoj kev lag luam peev yuav tsis nres vim qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm kev rov tsim kho nrog Yuemeiya.Los ntawm txoj kev xav ntawm peev, lub ntsiab feature ntawm tam sim no yog hais tias lub expansion ntawm peev yog intensifying.Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev sib tw tus cwj pwm, kev koom tes hauv kev sib koom cov peev txheej ntawm cov lag luam yog nce.
3. Lub decomposition ntawm sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb ncej ntawm kev lag luam yuav ua rau muaj zog ntxiv
Qhov txiaj ntsig ncaj qha ntawm hom kev poob siab ceev yog qhov nthuav dav ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov decomposition ntawm sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb ncej nyob rau hauv lub hardware processing chav ua noj thiab chav dej hom camp.
4. Kev sib tw ntawm cov kev muag khoom tau nce zuj zus ib hnub
Zoo siab tau nce, vim oversupply ntawm domestic hardware processing chav ua noj thiab chav dej khoom.Kev muag khoom channel tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov kev sib tw tseem ceeb, thiab kev sib ntaus rau cov channel tau dhau los ua ntau thiab ntau dua ib hnub.Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom siv hauv chav ua noj tau ntxiv dag zog rau kev tswj hwm ntawm cov khw muag khoom, siv zog los txo cov kev sib txuas ntawm kev muag khoom, txuag cov nqi muag, thiab ua kom cov kev muag khoom txhim kho nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia kev tshaj lij, thiab cov qauv kev lag luam muag tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia uas tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ntau yam. kev lag luam tib lub sijhawm.Ntawm qhov tod tes, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam muag khoom tau ua rau cov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev loj loj hauv cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus tau nce los ntawm lub sijhawm, thiab lawv lub peev xwm los tswj kev lag luam tau nce, koom nrog thiab ua rau muaj kev sib tw nqi uas yog yav tas los feem ntau. dominated los ntawm manufacturers.Cov khw muag khoom loj loj cia siab rau lawv txoj kev lag luam dav dav, kev muag khoom thiab cov nqi zoo, thiab lawv lub peev xwm los tswj cov tuam txhab tsim khoom raws li cov nqi khoom muag thiab kev them nqi xa khoom yuav ntxiv dag zog rau ib hnub.
5. Kev sib tw ua lag luam yuav hloov mus rau cov khoom zoo, cov khoom siv high-tech
Cov nyiaj tau los ntawm tag nrho cov theem ntawm cov khoom lag luam kev lag luam saw tau raug compressed, thiab chav rau kev txo nqi yog txo qis ib hnub.Ntau thiab ntau lub lag luam paub tias kev sib tw nqi ib leeg tsis tuaj yeem tsim kev sib tw tseem ceeb thiab tsis yog cov kev taw qhia ntawm txoj kev loj hlob mus ntev, thiab siv zog los tshawb nrhiav txoj hauv kev tshiab.Ntau lub tuam txhab kho vajtse tau nce kev nqis peev, tsim cov khoom tshiab nrog cov ntsiab lus thev naus laus zis, suav tias cov khoom sib txawv raws li lub tswv yim ntev rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam, nrhiav kev lag luam tshiab, thiab tsim cov ntsiab lus tshiab kev loj hlob (xws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev me thiab lwm yam zoo sib xws. industries), tom qab sib sib zog nqus kev sib tw.Txhawm rau kom ua tiav kev txhim kho kev lag luam ruaj khov.
6. Kev koom ua ke ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws yuav ua kom nrawm dua
Txhawm rau nthuav dav thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam sai dua, cov khoom siv kho vajtse hauv tsev ua lag luam txhawm rau txhim kho lawv tus kheej lub zog.Kev koom ua ke nrog cov lag luam txawv teb chaws yuav nrawm dua los ntawm ntau txoj kev los txhim kho cov khoom zoo thiab kev sib tw.Thaum txuas ntxiv nthuav dav kev lag luam ntawm cov teb chaws ib txwm muaj xws li Tebchaws Meskas thiab Nyij Pooj, Cov Neeg Esxias Qab Teb Hnub Tuaj, Middle East, Russia, Europe, thiab Africa tseem yuav tawg paj tag nrho.